• Enhanced player welfare the guiding principle
• Stationary platform and straight feeds to be enforced
• Support from players and coaches critical to success
The International Rugby Board Council has announced the implementation of a global trial of the “crouch, bind, set” scrum engagement sequence, which is aimed at enhancing player welfare by reducing impact on engagement by up to 25 per cent in elite competition.
Approval of the sequence on player welfare grounds, is coupled with a call for Game-wide commitment from law-makers, match officials, coaches and players to ensure a fair and positive attitude is applied to deal with scrum issues facing the elite level of the Game.
Implementation will begin at the start of the next season in both hemispheres and follows extensive evaluation of the sequence during the recent IRB Pacific Rugby Cup, which indicated the possible delivery of a more stable platform leading to fewer resets and more successful scrums.
In a revision of the ‘crouch, touch, set’ engagement sequence currently being trialled, props will be expected to bind using their outside arm after the referee has called “bind” in the sequence.
The front rows will maintain the bind until the referee calls “set”. At that point, the two packs will engage.
The process was overseen and recommended to IRB Council by the specialist IRB Scrum Steering Group (featuring Union scrum experts) as a potential enhancement to the scrum mechanics after an extensive process of testing and analysis at all levels of the Game within the unprecedented IRB funded Scrum Forces Project run by the University of Bath in conjunction with the RFU.
IRB Chairman Bernard Lapasset said: “The scrum is a fundamental and dynamic part of our Game. It is important that we continue to promote the best possible player welfare standards and this trial process is about putting players first and delivering a reduction of the forces on engagement at elite level, which could have significant positive effects on long-term player welfare.”
“The global implementation of this trial is a positive step, which will be subject to continual monitoring and evaluation. I would like to thank all Unions for their support and enthusiasm throughout this process.”
Coupled with the process, the IRB will instruct referees to ensure that the ball does not enter the tunnel unless the scrum is square and stationary and that a straight throw-in is strictly policed.
Lapasset added: “The implementation of the revised sequence alone is not about overcoming all the challenges of the elite scrum but it is a forward step. There is a collective responsibility for coaches, players and administrators to make the scrum a positive, fair and, above all, safe contest. Match officials will be stricter when refereeing the existing law.”
International Rugby Players’ Association Executive Director Rob Nichol said “It is our hope that through this trial, players and officials are able to implement the new sequence in a manner that maintains the scrum as a contest and central feature of the Game, delivers on improved short and long-term player safety and welfare objectives and goes some way towards eliminating the frustrations associated with resets. We appreciate the work undertaken by all involved to get the project to this stage.”
Scrum expert and Wales’ head coach for the upcoming tour to Japan, Robin McBryde, said: “We welcome the positive move to tackle the scrum, as it plays a significant part in the game, and must be preserved as a safe and fair contest. We look forward to getting to grips with the new sequence and playing our part in addressing the issues for a successful outcome.”
Chairman of the IRB Match Officials Selection Panel and Interim Chairman of the IRB Rugby Committee John Jeffrey said: “There is a collective responsibility to ensure the scrums are improved at elite level. Everyone must play their part and the referees are very much part of the solution.”
In collaboration with Member Unions and key stakeholders, a Game-wide educational process featuring coach and match official workshops will be rolled out ahead of the trial.
The five perspective Law changes currently being trialled and the trial change to television match official protocols will be considered by IRB Council at its annual meeting in 2014. This new scrum engagement trial will be before Council at its interim meeting the same year. As such, any amendments that are approved will be in place a year ahead of Rugby World Cup 2015.
Notes to Editors:
As part of the new engagement sequence, the referee will call ‘crouch’ and then ‘bind’. The front rows crouch and using their outside arm each prop must bind. A loosehead prop must bind on the opposing tighthead prop by placing the left arm inside the right arm of the tighthead and gripping the tighthead prop’s jersey on the back or side. A tighthead prop must bind on the opposing loosehead prop by placing the right arm outside the left upper arm of the opposing loosehead prop and gripping the loosehead prop’s jersey with the right hand only on the back or side.
The props must not grip the opponent’s chest, arm, sleeve or collar. Following a pause, the referee will then call ‘set’ when the front rows are ready. The front rows may then engage. The “set” call is not a command but an indication that the front rows may come together when ready. The sanction for any infringement will be a free kick.
A crouched position is the extension of the normal stance by bending the knees sufficiently to move into the engagement without a charge. A front row must not form at a distance from its opponents and rush against them or pull them. The sanction for ‘charging’ will be a penalty kick.
The 25 per cent reduction of compression forces is based on peak compression forces under the current sequence averaging 16,500 newtons for elite men’s packs and 8,700 newtons for women’s international packs.
The research was based on two phases of examination under the University of Bath Scrum Forces Project: Phase one included six levels of the Game from international to under-18 with six teams at each level and six different engagement processes. The packs scrummaged with an instrumented scrum machine which measured the forces on engagement and the secondary shove post-engagement.
Phase two was live scrummaging with players in both front rows wearing pads which measured the forces on engagement. The results from the elite teams showed that, averaged across all teams, the ‘crouch, bind, set’ condition generated lower peak forces during the engagement phase, demonstrating a 25 per cent reduction compared with the ‘crouch, touch, set’ or ‘crouch, touch, pause, engage’ sequence.
A video on how the work of the Scrum Forces Project as well as background on the trial in the IRB Pacific Rugby Cup can be found on the youtube clip below
[youtbe CMLjQJG7c1E]
Video clips from the PRC trial can be found on the clip below
[youtube XmWW5yWSxWU]
The Scrum Steering Group comprises: David Barnes (IRPA), Mike Cron (NZRU), Didier Retière (FFR), Brian O’Shea (ARU), Norm Mottram (USA Rugby), Richie Dixon (GRU), Ken Quarrie (NZRU), Graham Mourie (IRB Rugby Committee member), John Jeffrey (IRB Council Member, SRU and Chairman of IRB Rugby Committee), Gavin Williams (RFU), Dr Martin Raftery (IRB Chief Medical Officer), Joël Jutge (IRB High Performance Match Official Manager).
The group is supported by Dr Grant Trewartha, Dr Mike England and Dr Keith Stokes, members of the University of Bath research team.
Other comments on the trial:
Players’ representative on the Scrum Steering Group David Barnes said: “The proposed scrum law changes that will be trialled globally have been recommended after extended research into the forces impacting on players in the scrum. The ‘crouch, bind, set’ sequence has been shown to reduce the collision impact of the scrum by up to 25 per cent which is welcomed as a positive move for player welfare.”
“In addition to the reduction in the collision, there is evidence to suggest that these changes will also further protect the players by reducing the number of collapsed scrums and resets while allowing a greater contest at the scrum. We welcome these changes from a player welfare perspective but in order for them to be successful it is important for all stakeholders to buy into the new process. Through IRPA, the players will communicate their feedback and their recommendations to the IRB as part of the review process.”
IRB Chief Medical Officer Dr Martin Raftery said: “Reducing the compression forces at the scrum by some 25 percent is likely to have a positive impact on injury rates at the top level of the Game where forces are highest.”
“This trial has been aimed at enhancing the long-term welfare of our players by mitigating the possible degenerative symptoms that can occur post-career. It is a logical and proactive step in improving player welfare.”
South African Rugby Union (SARU) Chief Executive Jurie Roux said: “SARU introduced law amendments for the scrum engagement in our amateur and schools Rugby at the start of the year. The scientific literature strongly supported that the ‘crouch, bind, set’ sequence was the way to go and we foresaw that it would be introduced to the professional Game in due course.”
“There are relatively few scrum-related injuries in the Game, considering the number of hours spent playing Rugby on any given day but by reducing the impact on engagement and limiting the risk of scrum collapse with these law modifications, this should considerably lower the risk of sustaining such an injury in the scrums.”
“We also believe that in the long-term these modifications should also lead to stronger scrummagers, who are technically more efficient at contesting and scrummaging for the ball, while keeping these players safer during this part of the game.”
